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The concept of translatability implies
that every translator does know and have his/her own theory
of translation, and keeps revising it as and when he/she
realizes that there is a need for a revision. Beaugrande
mentions it in his Factors in a Theory of Poetic Translating
(1978), and promotes practice driven theories (Beaugrande,
(1996) rather than abstract prescriptive theories. Most
conscious translators try to achieve as much as possible
and try to go as close to the original as they can. The
translator's effort seeks to maintain the secret essence
of the source language and the poem, as well as its structural
aspects. Whereas some theorists like Beaugrande assign translatability
to the translator ability, others like the Italian poet
and translator Italo Calvino trusts that every language
has its 'secret essence', and his concept of its translatability
is that of its international communicability, which is quite
different from Beaugrande's.
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Calvino's American translator, Mr. William
Weaver believes that a translation should not be approached
as a scientific task, but as a creative endeavour. According
to Weaver, knowing the author better would help a translator
in translating their works more than a theory of translation
could (Guarnieri, 2001). My experience in translating Emily's
poems agrees with Weaver's. Before starting the actual translation
activity, I read through at least half a dozen biographies
of Emily Dickinson.
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In my own translations, I have tried to
achieve the best possible effects and retain the essence
of each poem in question while translating it into the target
language Marathi, making the poems more audience based (Beaugrande,
1996) with regard to cultural aspects. The paper,from here
on, presents three aspects of my own translation experience
with reference to Emily Dickinson's poems, namely, linguistic,
cultural and managerial.
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Translating Emily Dickinson has been an
uphill task, not for me alone, but for poets and translators
like Paul Celan, (A Jew survivor of the Holocaust), who
is himself a notoriously difficult poet to translate (Franklin,
(2000). Walker, (1998) writes: "
could we have
the peculiar grammar of Emily Dickinson besides the lyricism
of Baudilaire if both poets were constrained to the same
language? However, such richness provides difficulty for
those who are called upon to translate poetry from one language
to another
". However, I am not aware of many
other translators trying their hand at Emily's poems.
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Emily Dickinson is unarguably one of the
greatest and most unusual poets in the history of American
literature. At the same time, she is a very difficult poet
to understand and interpret, due to the strange punctuation
practice, which makes her syntax incomprehensible in many
places. Especially, for the purpose of translation, into
a language such as Marathi, which is typologically, as well
as culturally so different, Emily's poems pose formidable
challenges.
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